To reduce the disruptive behavior of some children a teacher might slap the desk with a ruler to startle them. The sound of the slap is a(n) punishment.

Kate is 14 years old and just started taking dance classes with her friends at a local dance studio. this is her first time in a dance program, so everything is new to her. her friends convinced her to join the class since they have been enjoying it for a few months. how could the following terms her succeed in the dance class? ● secondary reinforcement ● identity vs. role confusion ● observational learning how could the following terms hinder her success in the class? ● circadian rhythm ● basal ganglia ● vestibular sense