According to Herodotus, why were the Persians defeated? What Greek word does Herodotus use for his explanation? What is the English translation of this word?

According to Herodotus,

1. The Persians were defeated because they were in the moral wrong.

2. The Greek word Herodotus use for his explanation is HUBRIS

3. The English translation of the word 'HUBRIS' means excessive ambition and pride.

is there a year set? the question is incomplete

the declaration states, “we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness….”