In economics, a free rider is the term used for a person who a. receives the benefit of a good without contributing to its costs of production. b. purchases an item during a "buy one, get one free" sale. c. lives in a town in which the city provides free bus service. d. pays for exactly what they receive.

A. receives the benefit of a good without contributing to its costs of production

Explanation: In Economics, a free rider is someone who benefits from goods and/or services without expending effort or paying for said resources. They consume goods without paying for their use. This is a type of market failure because while not paying for the goods or services and utilizing them, those resources may become overused, underproduced and/or degraded.

Free riding therefore is a problem of economic inefficiency as it usually leads to under-production or over-consumption of a good or resource. The big question about free riding is how to limit the practise and the effects it usually has on the society.

european feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries. broadly defined, it was a way of structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour.

japanese feudalism. the era of feudalism in japan took place from the 12th through 19th centuries. during that period local rulers, either powerful families or military warlords, dominated the land, while the emperor was merely a figurehead and not a significant political presence.