The is an eighteenth-century approach to crime causation and criminal responsibility that emphasizes free will and reasonable punishments.

The correct answer is Classical School

The Classical School emerged in the 18th century and consolidated itself as a line of economic thought in the 19th century, with the appearance of several thinkers and their theories. On classical thinkers and their theoretical contributions,  Adam Smith is considered the "father of the economy" and the creator of the "invisible hand" concept.  Smith being one of the most important liberal thinkers in the West and responsible for laying the foundations for the Western economic system.

~kinetic ~potential

explanation:

kinetic and potential energies would be types of mechanical energies.