An alternative group model,"the punctuated-equilibrium model, reduces" the traditional five stages of group development to two and it is in the second phase when a group tries new ideas and new perspectives.

a. true
b. false

True

Explanation: According to this model groups doesn't change that much, they remain fairly static , in a particular state of equilibrium for a long time. There are high chances of resistance to change as Institutionalization takes place.

This model states that a revolutionary change will take place as punctuated bursts , as crises arise , which challenges the structure of an organization.

This is where the group get a chance to create new structures that will suit the new situations they face at that time .

This model suggest that a group will go repeatedly through these cycles of storming and performing stages, opportunity arises for a company to be innovative and creative as the company experiences a transitional window.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

its b i looked it up hope u get it right wish u luck