Siying's mother and father both lacked any formal education and supported their family by working as shoe shiners in a New York City subway station. Siying got a scholarship to attend an Ivy League university, went to medical school, and is now a neurosurgeon at a hospital in Boston. This is an example of:

vertical social mobility.

Explanation:

Vertical social mobility is a situation when a person move either up or down within a social hierarchy.

In most societies, vertical social mobility is heavily influenced by 2 factors: ownership of Resources and influence. Having more of either of these factors will make a person move up within the social hierarchy, and vice versa.

In the example above, Siting move from the daughter of a shoe shiners into a Neurosurgeon. Her job as a neurosurgeon most likely provided with more salary and influence compared to her shoe shiners parents. This means that she experience an upward move within the social hierarchy.

the 2nd option is the answer

answer; basic psychology;