In the critique of modernization, modern world systems analysis argues that the source of raw materials today is the same as it was during the height of colonial expansion, namely in those nations that are now considered to be:.

Peripheral.

Explanation:

Peripheral nations are those nations that are poor, underdeveloped. They possess only a small share of the world's wealth. These nations are less developed as compared to core or semi-periphery nations. These nations are exploited by the core nations and semi-peripheral nations hence making them depend largely upon developed countries.

Peripheral nations or periphery are exploited by core nations based on their cheap labor, natural resources, and agriculture.

Some examples of periphery are Kenya, Zambia, Nigeria, etc.

So, the correct answer is Peripheral nations.

i r r e l e v a n t

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