Lightning is associated with thunder and regularly precedes it. Thus, when people see lightning, they often anticipate that they will hear thunder soon afterward. This is an example of conditioning.

Classical conditioning

Explanation:

Conditioning is the process of pairing two stimuli together such that if one stimulus can trigger a reaction, the other can do the same, too, simply by association.

Classical conditioning, which is also referred to as Pavlovian conditioning, is a learning process where neutral stimulus is associated with a biologically potent stimulus.

People have conditioned themselves through classical conditioning to always associate thunder with lightening.

Hence, once there is a lightening (neutral stimulus), there is the expectation of having thunder (biological potent stimulus)

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