Dustin Albert and colleagues conducted a series of experiments in which adults and adolescents, alone or with peers, played a video game. In the game, taking risks could lead to crashes or gaining points. The experiments found that , unlike the , were much more likely to take risks and crash when they were .

Griffin correctly concludes that the coordinate pair for the russian federation is an influential point, because removing the russian federation from the relationship will significantly change the trend of the regression line. is an influential point, because removing the russian federation from the relationship will not significantly affect the estimated coefficient of determination of the regression line. is not an influential point, because the russian federation does not have the highest cvdir of all 1111 nations in the scatterplot. is an influential point, because removing the russian federation from the relationship will not significantly affect the estimated slope of the regression line. is not an influential point, because the russian federation has a positive residual in the least-squares linear regression.