Which of these approaches is effective all by itself in reducing drug and alcohol use or delaying its onset? Training in problem-solving and goal-setting Objective information Values clarification Scare tactics

Training in problem solving and Goal setting objective.

Explanation:

It's very Paramount to have the dexterity in solving problems and challenges in life, when this key skill is acquired the intake of alcohol or drugs would be reduced drastically because one already has the skill to curb or contain issues of alcohol or drugs intake. When goals and objectives are well laid down or clarified with strict discipline to adherence, it would be almost impossible for one to take the route of drugs or alcohol intake. These are very effective approaches to reduce drug or alcohol or delays its onset.

answer:   c.

it was not against the chinese government.

explanation:

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.