9. What has increased lately in Latin America that has made it difficult for people to
immigrate to the USA and why?

Changes to the Immigration and Nationality Act, canceled the quotas of the nation shares, which had been instituted during 1920 in a purposeful endeavor to confine the section of Southern and Eastern European outsiders—or all the Jews from the Russian Pale and Catholics from Italy and Poland.

Explanation:

The quotas enhanced strictness and restrictions to the set up that adequately restricted the immigration of Asians and Africans. The 1965 alterations were planned to cleanse migration law of its supremacist heritage by supplanting the old shares with another framework that apportioned residential visas as per an unbiased inclination framework, dependent on family reunification and work power needs.

The new framework is generally credited with having started a move in the structure of migration away from Europe toward Asia and Latin America, alongside, they had a significant increment in the quantity of migrants.

answer is b.shrapnel