Researchers are interested in whether feedback on one math test influences motivation for a second test. Middle school students meet individually with an experimenter and are given a math test. After grading the test, the experimenter gives every student positive feedback by saying, "You did well on the test." Half the students are also told, "You must have worked very hard," and the other half are told, "You must be very smart." Experimenters found that students who had been told they must be smart were reluctant to take a second math test and were more likely to choose a test they knew would be easier. Participants who were told they must have worked hard were eager to take a second test and happy to choose a challenging test. What is the independent variable in this study?

"smart" versus "worked hard" comment          

Explanation:

Independent variable: In psychological research, the term "independent variable" is determined as a variable that is being taken by the investigator or researcher while conducting a study or research to see its effect on the dependent variable. Independent variable is the variable that is being manipulated, changed or altered in an experiment. However, any changes in the independent variable will cause a direct effect on the dependent variable.

In the question above, the independent variable is "smart versus worked hard comment".

apart from being against desegregation, governor of georgia eugene talmadge opposed as well to the work progress administration, an ambitious program of the "new deal" created by president franklin d. roosevelt to overcome the great depression after world war i. talmadge disagreed with welfare spending, job training and organized labor. according to his ideas, he thought the government was spending too much money on this, and he wasn't willing to accept a wage higher than georgia's lower average wage. besides, talmadge strongly opposed to the "new deal" as he thought it had communist ideas.

the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

the way in which a living organism or bodily part functions.