What word is unnecessary in the following sentence?
"Smith states, 'In one day, the whole world changed.' (Smith 2)."

whole
states
the first Smith
the second Smith

Whether or not a given study has the possibility of causing harm to participants:

About 300 billion dollars in taxes is lost in the united states alone due to an underground economy, which involves paying individuals cash rather than having them on the official payroll. a. true b. false

Which statement best describes an advantage of indirect democracy over direct democracy? a. it can make decision making more efficient b. it can citizens feel more connected to government c. it can be more responsive to citizens' interests d. it can better reflect the democratic principle of majority rule