Which of the following theories or studies maintained that, as pertaining to employees, a state of no dissatisfaction cannot exist because people will always be dissatisfied with something?
a. Hierarchy of needs
b. Theory X and theory Y
c. Hawthorne studies
d. Hygiene theory

d. Hygiene theory                                              

Explanation:

Hygiene theory: In psychology, the term "hygiene theory" is also referred to as "two-factor theory" or "dual-factor theory" was discovered by Frederick Herzberg.

According to him, the given theory is described as involving a few specific factors that are present in the workplace leads to job satisfaction whereas a few specific factors lead to developing job dissatisfaction and generally acts independently of one another. However, in order to discard these dissatisfaction "hygiene factors" needs to be eliminated as it is responsible for causing dissatisfaction in employees in a specific workplace.

In the question above, the given statement signifies the hygiene theory.

the correct answer on edgen is:

(c.) prevent the spread of communism.

i just took the test.

as university of miami psychologists debra lieberman and adam smith pointed out in a recent article in the journal current directions in psychological science, humans have social and psychological mechanisms to deter incest. with very few exceptions, marriages between brothers and sisters and between parents and their children are verboten in every human culture. the primary psychological anti-incest mechanism is the yuck response. even the idea of sex with their mom or dad, bro or sis is upsetting to most people. the psychologist jonathan haidt has found that nearly everyone is repelled by the prospect of brother-sister sex, even in hypothetical situations in which there is no chance of pregnancy).

the biological cost of incest

this raises an interesting question: just what’s so bad about incest? sure, having sex with your dad or your sister seems gross — but why? some anthropologists have argued that incest taboos are learned social conventions. this explanation, however, doesn’t make sense to me as it does not explain the widespread existence of anti-incest mechanisms in creatures ranging from cockroaches to chimpanzees. second, the incest taboo is about as close to a universal law as human moral rules get.

why should mechanisms to avoid incest be so widespread both in nature and across human societies? the answer is simple. the problem with having sex close with relatives is that there is an astonishingly high chance that your offspring will be born with a serious birth defect.