Gilles finds it difficult to consider two points of view when presented with the "Heinz dilemma." He tends to overlook people's intentions and, instead, focuses on fear of authority and avoidance of punishment as reasons for behaving morally. Gilles is at which of Kohlberg's stages of moral development?

A) Stage 1: The punishment and obedience orientation
B) Stage 2: The instrumental purpose orientation
C) Stage 3: The "good-boy–good-girl" orientation
D) Stage 4: The social-order-maintaining orientation