Josh needs to achieve 4.0 grade point average to qualify for admission to graduate school. He fears that he will not pass the final exam chemistry and has decided to sit next to Heather, the best student in the class, and copy her paper. According to Merton's theory and typologies, Josh would be considered a(n) .

innovator

Explanation:

 Robert Merton was the first to propose Strain Theory. it was done by him  in the 1940s to account for or describe the rates of  increasing crime  all over USA at that time. since then, it has become very popular among Contemporary sociologists.

Merton did formulate  typology of deviance based upon  a person’s motivations  and  a person’s belief on how his/her goals are attained.  Merton proposed five types of deviance based upon the criteria. they are conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion.

innovation  according to  Merton is the process whereby an individual acceptance the goals of a culture but then reject the traditional and right way of  attaining the said goal it is also a form of using socially illegal, unaproved or unconventional means to attain goals. e.g  dealing drugs

answer; genetics;