Is there an association between level of happiness and the risk of heart disease? Researchers studied 1739 people over a 10 year period and asked questions about their daily lives and the hassles they face. The researchers also determined which individuals in the study experienced any type of heart disease. After their analysis, they concluded that happy individuals are less likely to experience heart disease. (Source: European Heart Journal 31 (9):1065–1070, February 2010.)

Which of the following statements concerning gender differences correctly describes an effect on workplace​ communication? a. women emphasize content and outcomes in their communication​ efforts, whereas men place a higher premium on relationship maintenanc b. outdated concepts of gender and sexual orientation are no longer a source of​ confusion, controversy, and discrimination. c. the share of management roles held by men compared with those held by women remains equal the further up the corporate ladder one goes. d. the perception of gender roles in business varies from culture to​ culture, and gender bias can range from overt discrimination to subtle and even unconscious beliefs. e. evidence suggests that men and women tend to have the same communication styles.