According to Dr. Whitaker, in one of her video lectures for this week, is the aggregate of persons who live within a specific, demarcated territory and share at least the basic elements of a single, general culture.

A society

Explanation:

A society is a group of people bound by the same geographical territory , who are in a continuous  social interaction relying  on the same authority and same cultural expectations. From history till present , humans have lived as a  society and some types of society that have existed in the past till present include Hunting and gathering societies , Pastoral societies , Horticultural societies , Agricultural societies . Industrial societies ,Post-industrial societies which differ from each other in terms of characteristics and mode of operations.

the correct answer is individualism and exchange. at this stage, children begin to question the rules, because they can see that there is more than one side to them. different individuals have different viewpoints. they won't be able to reach this stage because of ignorance, a lack of ethics or personal biases. that is because people with that characteristiscs are not able to distinguish what is good or what is bad and they can't pursue their individual interests.