A specific form of prejudice based on socially significant, physically inherited characteristics is:

Racism.

Explanation:

As per the American Heritage College Dictionary,  racism can be defined as, the notion that race contributes to variation in individual character or ability and that a particular individual or a group is superior to others. The concept has been interpreted in a number of ways to describe both ways of thinking and ideologies that explain one social group's biological dominance over another, through depictions of behaviors and attitudes that create racial disadvantage. For example, the blacks in U.S.A were considered to be of an inferior race and therefore subjugated to slavery.

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