"Twenty dogs are initially presented with numerous CS-tone/US-footshock pairings. These dogs are then placed in a shuttle box, and movement from one side of the shuttle to the other terminates periodic presentations of the CS tone. No shocks are delivered in the shuttle box, but the dogs learn to move to the other side of the box to escape the tone. This is an example of "

An escape from fear procedure.

Explanation:

Escape from fear (EFF) is a phenomenon involving animals learning to perform an escape of a fear-eliciting conditioned stimulus (CS) in a situation where the escape response is paired with CS termination.

Escape from fear procedure however, comprises of traditionally condition a fear response, then the subjects are allowed to perform an instrumental response to avoid the Condition Stimulus-- This is mainly confirm predictions of two-process theory.

Hence, in this case, this is an example of an ESCAPE FROM FEAR PROCEDURE.

the anti federalists was a movement that was opposed to the creation of a us federal government. although they were not as organized as the federalists, they also had a large group of leaders, especially in state politics.

the statement "now, in a large extended country, it is impossible to have a representation, possessing the sentiments, and of integrity, to declare the minds of the people” represents the concerns of the anti federalists.

they strongly believed that the federalists were representing the interests of aristocratic elements of society at the expense of the majority of ordinary people, who lived in a rural society.

their fear for the creation of a strong federal government and the president’s power of veto in their opinion would create a tyrannical rule that would dominate the people. they defended the importance of restraining the government’s power towards people at any cost.