Whose Idea Is It Anyway? Read each of the excerpts below. Determine which philosopher’s thoughts influenced the passage. Then identify the governmental concept from the reading that the passage reflects.

The first concept was created by Montesquieu. The second concept was created by John Locke. The third concept was created by Montesquieu.

The first concept was about the separation of power of the government. The government is separated into the executive, judicial, and legislative. It's separated in order to curb the power of each level of government.

The second concept is simply the rights of an individual. Everyone is entitled to rights such as social equality, justice, etc. It's known as the natural law by John Locke.

The third concept is the system of checks and balances. In this case, the power of the government must be checked to prevent the abuse of power.

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Whose Idea Is It Anyway? Read each of the excerpts below. Determine which philosopher’s thoughts influenced the passage. Then identify the governmental concept from the reading that the passage reflects.

1.  “Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States; If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it . . . in which Case it shall not be a Law.”  

2.  “All... will bear in mind this sacred principle, that though the will of the majority is in all cases to prevail . . . the minority possess their equal rights.”  

3.  “He [the President] shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur . . .”  

1. This concept was idealized by Montesquieu and refers to the separation of government powers. Through this concept, Montesquieu affirms that the government must have all its power separated into legislative, executive and judicial power. The three must have the same influence and relevance within the national territory, besides that nothing in the country must be decided, without having passed through both powers.

2. This concept was created by John Locke and refers to the natural law that must be provided to each and every citizen. Natural law states that all citizens have rights to social equality, justice and pragmatism. Furthermore, this right gives the people the duty to choose decisions, based on the well-being and desire of the majority.

3. This concept was also created by Montesquieu and refers to the system of checks and balances, which states that each sphere of government power must be supervised and inspect each other, preventing cases of corruption or abuse of power. In this way, the judiciary, the executive and the legislative powers are subordinate and must be controlled by each other.

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