With continuous reinforcement, an organism is reinforced .
at a variable rate
using positive reinforcement
with primary reinforces
every time the desired behavior occurs
every time the desired behavior occurs
The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually:
bright when it is high in the sky.
large when it is high in the sky.
large when it is near the horizon.
bright when it is near the horizon.
large when it is near the horizon.
Psychics working with police departments often provide police with:
information that helps solve crimes.
new evidence.
evidence eliminating potential suspects.
so many predictions that occasionally one is correct.
so many predictions that occasionally one is correct.
Relative luminescence most clearly contributes to:
color constancy.
size constancy.
shape constancy.
brightness constancy.
brightness constancy.
Contrary to the claims by those who say they can remember being abused as toddlers and infants, memories of things happening before age are unreliable.
5
10
4
7
4
Betty wants to find a way to control her asthma without always relying on her rescue inhaler. She visits a hypnotherapist, hoping that hypnosis will help her, and within a month is less reliant on her inhaler because of the:
posthypnotic suggestions.
hypnotic suggestions.
prehypnotic suggestions.
parahypnotic suggestions.
posthypnotic suggestions.
Children often learn to associate pushing a vending machine button with the delivery of a candy bar. This best illustrates the process underlying:
spontaneous recovery.
extinction.
respondent behavior.
operant conditioning.
operant conditioning.
When Anna studied Russian in high school she gradually accumulated a large vocabulary (though not full fluency). Years later, she wanted to brush up on her vocabulary prior to a trip to Russia. She picked up the vocabulary much more quickly this time because:
it is easier for adults to learn a language.
of the spaced practice effect.
we can recall more than we can remember.
it is easier to relearn; that is, to learn the material for a second time.
it is easier to relearn; that is, to learn the material for a second time.
A researcher subliminally flashes words that have either emotionally positive content (e.g., puppies, people embracing) or negative content (e.g., murder, accidents) immediately before showing them a picture of a house. Then, when asked to rate the house in terms of attractiveness, the participants:
give the houses that follow positive content words higher ratings.
do not differ in the ratings they give to the houses.
give the houses with more windows higher ratings.
give the houses that follow negative content words higher ratings.
give the houses that follow positive content words higher ratings.
As a practical joke, Veronica tells her younger brother a story about an event that did not happen when he was 4 years old: that he called 9-1-1 to report a fight they were having. Veronica repeated the story several times until her brother could really see himself dialing the phone. This is an example of:
imagination inflation.
repression.
proactive interference.
retroactive interference.
imagination inflation.
