According to "Island of Hope, Island of Tears" what caused 12 million+ immigrants to travel to America from 1892 to 1954?

Explanation:

https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5f996d56142686001c3112b9/cause-effect#:~:text=According%20to%20%22Island%20of%20Hope,America%20from%201892%20to%201954%3F&text=Immigration%20officials%20grouped%20Chinese%20herbalists,thus%20they%20were%20allowed%20entry.

According to "Island of Hope, Island of Tears" what caused 12 million+ immigrants to travel to America from 1892 to 1954? ... Immigration officials grouped Chinese herbalists--medical practitioners who use different mixtures of herbs to prevent and treat various ailments--with merchants, and thus they were allowed entry.

so, colonists did not want to pay any taxes.  

colonists did not consider themselves british citizens.  

colonists felt no sense of obligation to britain.  

colonists objected to violations of their natural rights. are the answer choices?

answer; a cost benefit analysis;