The shepherds were told about jesus by:

wise men
angels
god
joseph

answer; the answer to the first question is (king james ii was replaced by his daughter mary and her dutch husband william of orange;

manifest functions are the recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern, while latent functions are those unrecognized and unintended consequences. to analyze the manifest functions of any social institution, we have to study its contribution to the continuation of a group, community, or society.