When a variable that is not of interest in a study may explain the results of a study this is called?

The process of rocks breaking down and becoming other rocks

On this map which states would the tropic of cancer run through

Fallon is on her way to work when she sees a little boy, who is crying and apparently lost. seeing the crying boy makes fallon very uncomfortable and upset. to reduce these negative feelings, fallon stops to the boy find his parents. which theory best explains fallon's behavior?