At the beginning of the cold war, europe was divided along ideological lines. which group did the western nations organize as a military alliance to protect their beliefs?
a. north atlantic treaty organization
b. warsaw pact
c. north america free trade agreement
d. organization of petroleum exporting countries

Martha participates in a research study in order to receive extra credit for her psychology class. when she arrives in the research office she is given a can of what looks and tastes like beer, but which actually contains no alcohol. in the adjoining room martha's classmate karen is also participating in the study. karen receives a can of alcoholic beer. if the experiment was designed to test the effects of alcohol on concentration, then who is exposed to the independent variable?