5. imagine this scenario: to protect u. s. car manufacturers, the government passes a tariff on japanese cars and subsidizes u. s.-made cars. suddenly, japanese cars cost twice as much in the u. s. how might japan respond?

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.

answer; (regions)

answer; software failure, and human error;