Identify the clause of the Fourteenth Amendment that is common to both Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) and San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez (1973). Explain how the difference in facts led to a different decision in both Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka and San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez. Explain how the outcome in San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez demonstrates how public policy regarding equality of opportunity is affected by federalism in the United States.