One function that all political systems have is to

these are two functions

1. To maintain integration of society by determining norms. 2. To adapt and change elements of social, economic, religious systems necessary for achieving collective (political) goals.

Explanation:

early settlements on the subcontinent. both the indus and the ganges rivers carried rich silt from the mountains to the plains. when the rivers flooded, the silt spread over the plains and made the soil in the river valleys fertile for farming.

answer; (b) capitalism;