Scientists often begin their narrative with "Achaean Greece" or "Mycenaean Greece." As we have seen, for centuries, Mycenae was an important political center of Hellas, and the Mycenaean dialect was the oldest Greek dialect. According to tradition, the founder of Mycenae was the ancient hero Perseus. Then he allegedly lost the tip of the sword, considering it a sign for the founding of the city. According to other versions, the name of the city was given by a water source or by a woman (princess Mikena), about which Homer wrote about his “Odyssey” as “magnificently crowned”. Perseus and Andromeda.
Pausanias, giving a description of those places, at the same time pointed out the fiercest rivalry among the Greek tribes and polis: “The Argives destroyed Mycenae out of envy. Mycenaean civilization occupied an intermediate position between Egypt and classical Greece, reaching a peak around 1600 BC. Then she extended her influence to most of the then ancient world (Egypt, Troy, Italy, and Eastern Mediterranean). Many works are devoted to her, including the work of Greek scientists K. Tsuntas and I. Manatt “The Mycenaean Century” (1897) and the book of U. Taylor “Mykentsy”. According to a long-standing Greek tradition, it is believed: Dorian tribes invaded the Peloponnese from the north at the end of the second millennium, and then penetrated into Crete and the Dodecanese islands. During migration migrations, certain tribes brought their own language to new places of settlement. The Greeks themselves recognized the existence of three dialects: Ionian, Aeolian, Dorian, and assumed the existence of three large tribes. According to many, the “Mycenaean” is an archaic form of the Greek language, showing monotony everywhere and everywhere it was found - in Knossos, Pylos, Mycenae, Thebes, etc. S. Marinatus (Athens) says the following culture.
The first "Greeks", in his opinion, invaded Greece at the beginning of the II millennium BC. In the 16th century, the earliest Mycenaeans appeared, representing the agrarian population living in small villages or settlements. The largest of these at the time was Orchomenos. The famous Lion Gate, decorated with a relief depicting two lionesses, shows how powerful the rulers of Mycenae were. On the eve of the Trojan War, the whole Central and Eastern Mediterranean was under Mycenae’s rule, but it was not as strong as before. In Mycenae, Schliemann discovered five tombs that, by their scientific significance, overshadowed the treasures of King Priam, found by him at the site of Troy. There is evidence that the Mycenaean influence can be traced not only in Greece, but also in Italy, where settlers colonized Apulia (this is confirmed by archaeological finds). Mycenaean influence is also noticeable in Sicily, where features of the same Rhodium culture as in southern Italy are visible. In ancient prehistoric times, brutal disputes arose between the Greeks, which led to wars (such is the famous war of seven cities against Thebes, as a result of which both sides were destroyed). All these facts, heroic poetry and archeological evidence attest to the Mycenaean culture.
