Laura has a nearly new economy car, but she wants a Ford Mustang because she thinks it would be exciting to own one. If she decides to purchase a sports car such as the Mustang, she will be primarily fulfilling a need. functional postpurchase safety psychological functional and psychological

Which of the following  bestillustrates a negative reinforcer?               a.  copland gives up candy to stave off chronic acid indigestion.    b.  nancy learns that she prefers chocolate over vanilla.    c.  carmine changes his major to english lit after failing a math exam.    d.  on a hot day, lindberg always drinks lemonade.