Shaping is a procedure in which reinforcers are Select one: designed to evoke respondent behavior. given on a variable-ratio schedule. interspersed with punishers to speed the process of learning. used to guide actions closer and closer to a desired behavior.

Joshua wolf shenk wrote that one of lincoln's adaptation strategies was "transcendence" (rising above or even using "melancholy" to achieve a higher purpose). according to shenk, what was lincoln's "higher purpose? " provide a direct quotation from the article to support your analysis.

Consultant: you're welcome. as a first step, our team analyzed the other potential primary contenders. the reality is that with such a strong field, it is going to be difficult to gain the of votes necessary to avoid a runoff—unless you want to go negative from the start. and our opposition research team found plenty of ammunition to do just that.

Who gave the famous "i have a dream" speech at the march on washington?