George trains a pigeon to peck a disk by reinforcing each disk peck. Once the response is learned, George begins to cut back on the reinforcers. At first he reinforces every other response, then every third response, every fifth response, every tenth response, and so on. Things are going pretty well for George until he jumps from reinforcing every tenth response to reinforcing every 50th response. At this point, the pigeon responds erratically and nearly stops responding entirely. George's pigeon is suffering from .

Read an excerpt from a speech by benito mussolini. italy! italy! entirely and universally fascist! the italy of the blackshirt revolution, rise to your feet; let the cry of your determination rise to the skies and reach our soldiers in east africa. let it be a comfort to those who are about to fight. let it be an encouragement to our friends and a warning to our enemies. it is the cry of italy which goes beyond the mountains and the seas out into the great world. it is the cry of justice and of victory. how does this excerpt support the idea that mussolini was a charismatic dictator? it shows how he used persuasive language to rally citizens. it explains his use of an aggressive foreign policy in europe. it shows how he used a secret police force to terrorize citizens. it explains how he used education to indoctrinate young people.