This question is a question that will take some time and though to answer. Only good answers that are thoughtful and something I can build on.

there are no options provided but you can choose among the following gender-neutral pronouns: zir, hir, eir, vis, tem, eir.

in the normal course of maintaining a pronoun-antecedent agreement, we could have used the words his or her but since we are also required to use gender-neutral language, we need to replace it with its equivalent gender-neutral pronoun.

answer; earthquake;

answer; disconfirm the catharsis theory;