Elena moved to the United States from Guatemala when she was 6 years old. She speaks Spanish fluently but has limited ability to understand English. Research shows that if her school curriculum integrates both Spanish and English, she will .

Suppose that sociologists and cultural anthropologists are tying to measure the amount of child abuse for cross cultural comparison. they run into disagreement over whether spanking a child is abuse or discipline. what problem are they encountering in their research? a. reliability of the definition of abuse. b. validity of the definition of abuse. c. occam's razor about the definition of abuse. d. none of these.