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D

Explanation:

nothern europeran countries offer free education because citizens pay high tax rates.

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D: Northern European citizens pay higher tax rates.

Explanation:

Northern European countries determined that higher education promoted a productive workforce. When combined with universal healthcare and other welfare safeguards, higher taxes are used to offset the cost.

This can be seen through the fact that Norway's top marginal tax rate of 39 percent. For comparison, oddly enough, in the United States the top marginal tax rate of 46.8 percent despite not having universal education nor universal healthcare.

new communications technology has affected the way social movements are organized because nowadays, social movements rely on social networks and the media to get different people with a similar way of thinking in contact, and thus, get them to mobilize for a greater cause.

individuals only participate in collective action when they feel identified with it. is in this aspect that social media becomes relevant, because it guarantees communication among all individuals and organizes the social actions that are going to be carried out, i.e., the social movements.

in addition, being covered by the media is important to validate the message and make it relevant in the social agenda, as well as to reach more people who can share interests, appealing to public sympathy for their cause.

in conclusion, it is by social networks and social media that social movement is given birth; by connecting different individuals with similar ideas and organizing them to mobilize for a greater cause.