How did immigration affect factory workers in the 1840s?

Immigrants were generally more willing to accept lower wages and inferior working conditions than native born workers. Great efficiencies in production led to higher profits that could be reinvested in new technology, which led to even more production and eventually higher wages for workers. However they took jobs away from the native born workers as well just because they were able to take less money for more hours and worse conditions. So immigration helped factory workers in many ways but also harmed them in some ways.

i dont know but thats a great qusestion

d.) continue to rise rapidly