Rice, thapar, and colleagues (2007, 2009) attempted to uncouple the effects of genetics and the effects of smoking while pregnant on birth weight and elevated antisocial behavior. they found that

They found that A PRE-NATAL ENVIRONMENT OF SMOKE BY-PRODUCTS DOES NOT INCREASE ANTI SOCIAL BEHAVIOR , BUT A MOTHER GENETIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO HER CHILD DOES INCREASE ANTI- SOCIAL BEHAVIOR.
Rice and his colleagues carried out this experiment in order to find out the effect of prenatal cigarette exposure and genetic contribution on childhood anti-social behavior.