Former crack cocaine users often feel a drug craving when they are again in places they associate with previous highs. their reactions are best explained in terms of

Their reactions are best explained in terms of "Classical Conditioning".

Classical conditioning is a learning procedure that happens when two stimuli are more than once matched: a reaction which is at first inspired by the second boost is in the end evoked by the primary stimuli alone. It is important to know that classical conditioning includes automatic or reflexive responses, and not intentional conduct.

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abu bakr, was a senior companion and—through his daughter aisha—a father-in-law of the islamic prophet muhammad. abu bakr became the first openly declared muslim outside muhammad's family. abu bakr served as a trusted advisor to muhammad.