In one of the most infamous cases of the bystander effect, neighbors watched as kitty genovese was repeatedly attacked and sexually assaulted (and eventually killed). none of those observers called police until 45 minutes had passed.

Bystander effect or the bystander apathy as it is also known is a psychological phenomenon which states that people are less likely to help a person in need if a group of people is also present nearby. In the tragedy of Kitty Genovese not one of the 38 neighbors called the police. This shocking death is one of the most horrible examples of the bystander effect.

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