What scientist spent the last years of his life under house arrest because his ideas conflicted with the church, he discovered that all falling objects accelerate at fixed and predictable rates?

That would be Galileo Galilei the Italian polymath who is essential to the scientific revolution. His ideas conflicted with the church and as such he was on trial for heresy. During the second judgment he recanted his claims but is believed to have uttered the famous phrase on Earth revolving around the Sun: And yet it moves. This is used now to say that it doesn't matter what some may believe facts are the facts.

Hamlet's fourth soliloquy is probably his most famous one - "to be or not to be."it is rather different from his previous soliloquies because now he is contemplating something that didn't come up before - suicide. he is thinking whether it is worth it to fight to find his father's murderer when in the end all of them are going to die, so why not die sooner than later. he is contemplating if he should go on fighting or just kill himself and end it all, which is why this soliloquy in particular is rather depressing, hesitant, and gives a deeper insight into hamlet's madness.

The correct answer is b