In some military courts, 9 judges are appointed. however, both the prosecution and the defense attorneys are entitled to a peremptory challenge of any judge, in which case that judge is removed from the case and is not replaced.

It also requires nominations to be confirmed by the Senate. First, look at the numbers. More than 600 judges sit on district courts, almost 200 judges sit oncourts of appeals, and 9 justices make up the Supreme Court. Because all federal judges have life terms, no single president will make all of these appointments.