Mid-20th century humanism was a reaction against an earlier approach in psychology. which approach was it?

Humanism was a reaction against the behaviorist approach.

Explanation:

The humanist approach in psychology was born as a reaction to the behaviorist approach that had been dominating psychology since the beginning of the 20th century. Humanist approach was against the rigorous scientific approach and the use of experimentation on animals as a way of understanding human nature. For humanists, people are fundamentally different from other animals, and people have free will, therefore, human behavior can't be seen from the stimulus - response, point of view.

citizens were able to charge more for their goods and services