Social Studies, 01.08.2019 04:00 ShadowPlayer3325

The principle of federalism is clearly evident in the u. s. constitution through the oath of the president amendment process branches' structure supremacy clause

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Answer from: Quest

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Answer from: Quest

clearcutting reproduces a new even-aged stand by completely removing the mature stand.

clearcutting as a silvicultural treatment has several characteristics:

it causes a sudden environmental change

it removes the seed source from the regeneration area

the configuration of the clearcut may affect seed dispersal

it begins a new rotation

it will eliminate some pests that require forest cover

overall, it temporarily removes the forest cover, transforming the forest community and environment.

clearcutting followed by artificial (seeded or planted) regeneration has several advantages:

we can avoid delay in restocking the site

we can introduce a selected species, seed source, and genotype

we can control arrangement and spacing

we can achieve uniformity in the new stand

we can overcome the problems associated with securing sufficient natural regeneration.

the shelterwood method involves the removal of most of the mature stand at the end of the rotation, but a portion of the mature stand is left standing. the shelterwood method serves three basic purposes:

to prepare the stand for production of abundant seed

to modify the environment in a way that promotes germination and survival of the selected species

to build up the amount and size of advance regeneration to ensure the prompt restocking of the new stand following overstory removal.

the shelterwood method involves a sequence of 3 cuttings:

preparatory cuttings: make the seed trees more vigorous and set the stage for regeneration. see our thinning page for more information.

establishment/seed cuttings: open up enough vacant growing space to allow establishment of the new regeneration.

removal cuttings: uncover the new crop to allow it to fill the growing space.

the residual trees in the shelterwood must:

be sturdy and windfirm

be able to survive exposure

flower and reproduce seed

be the best trees of the mature stand

keep in mind that the shelter trees must not occupy the entire site. a void must be created in order to make room for the new regeneration. the amount of shelter to leave will depend on the following factors:

species characteristics (seeding and shelter requirements)

the number of cuttings in the cutting sequence (1, 2, or 3)

landowner objectives

the size of the area to be regenerated

the final removal harvest level required to be profitable

the shelter must be removed before it impedes the growth of the new stand or threatens its survival.

Answer from: Quest

1. he was one of the first europeans to set foot in america. without this period in history, we may have never had immigrants, let alone discovered america.2. the islands were producing far more agriculturally at this time then the mainland, so it make sense that the first african slaves went to hispaniola. the crops that were being grown during the 16th and 17 century in this area were very labor intensive. due to disease and all that, that native taino population on the island was wiped out and it was therefore necessary for the spanish plantation owners to look elsewhere for cheap labor. the beginning of the slave trade comes about after pretty much the same sequence of events everywhere in the americas, just at different times. need for increased labor --> loss of native population from disease --> slave trade3.hernando cortés was a spanish explorer and conquistador who landed on the coast of mexico in 1519. cortés traveled over one hundred miles inland to find the city and claim the empire for spain.that's all i got for

Answer from: Quest

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