Before conditioning occurs, a dog does not salivate to the sound of a ringing bell. at this point, the ringing bell is:

Sam and ben have discovered some strange animals living in the woods behind their house. ben is excited because he believes they are marsupials, an animal he's never observed in the wild before. his brother is sure it is not. what feature should the boys consider in deciding whether the animals are marsupials?

Japan’s key exports to africa and southwest asia are mostly a) raw materials. b) human capital. c) manufactured items. d) agricultural products.

When pay is made public, people evaluate how equitable their pay is in light of the pay other people are receiving. the problem in this case is that dwight and guillermo have found out that others are getting paid more than they do for the same work. what are they likely to do under these circumstances