Jamal likes to take a shower in the men's locker room after working out. during one such shower, he hears someone flushing a nearby toilet. suddenly, boiling-hot water rushes out of the showerhead, causing jamal to jump away in serious discomfort. as he continued the shower, he hears another toilet flush and immediately jumps out from under the showerhead. is the unconditioned response; is the conditioned stimulus.

The unconditioned response is Jamal jumping away from under the shower head; the conditioned stimulus is the sound of the toilet flushing.

Answer 1: An unconditioned response (UCR) refers to an unlearned and naturally occurring behavior or reaction in response to a stimulus. In this example, the UCR is Jamal jumping away from under the shower head because boiling hot water was rushing out of it. Jamal's response is unconditioned and natural since humans and animals intrinsically flee from harmful stimuli such as gushing hot water that will burn them. 

Answer 2: A conditioned stimulus (CS) refers to a formerly neutral stimulus, that when associated with an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) elicits a response without the presence of the UCS. In this instance, the CS is the sound of the toilet flushing, whereas as the UCS is the hot water rushing out of the shower head. After the CS (sound of the toilet flushing) being followed by the UCS (hot water rushing out), the CS alone leads to a response ( jumping away from under the shower head).

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