Punishment is externally related to lawbreaking, according to the retributivist viewpoint. true

Retributive justice is a hypothesis of justice that thinks about discipline, if proportionate, to be the most befitting reaction to wrongdoing. At the point when a guilty party infringes upon the law, s/he in this manner relinquishes or suspends her/his entitlement to something of equivalent esteem, and justice requires that this relinquish be authorized.

answer; i believe the best and correct answer is stronger bonds between the nations of africa;

it would be d). more resources must be obtained to attain that combination of goods and services