The is an approach to the study of learning that focuses on the thought processes that underlie learning.

Cognitive Learning Theory

Explanation:

That theory have been used to explain mental processes, because they are affected by both internal(Personal factors: cognitive, affective and biological events) and external factors(enviromental factors)  that eventually produce learning in the individual. The interaction between internal and external factors could  increase or decrease the learning processes and finally it could affect the capacity to learn efficiently.

So there are three principal interactions, personal-enviroment, when the personal behavior can be modified by the enviroment, the personal-behaviour, the  person's cognitive processes affect their behavior and the enviroment-behaviour, external factors can alter the way behaviour is displayed, in addition, behavior can affect and modify the enviroment.