Reformers in the progressive era were concerned about problems associated with:

well, paralell is parallel. i am providing links to .

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a series circuit is one with all the loads in a row. there is only one path for the electricity to flow. if this circuit was a string of light bulbs, and one blew out, the remaining bulbs would turn off.

unlike in series circuits, a charge in a parallel circuit encounters a single voltage drop during its path through the external circuit. the current through a given branch can be predicted using the ohm's law equation and the voltage drop across the resistor and the resistance of the resistor.

a parallel circuit has certain characteristics and basic rules: a parallel circuit has two or more paths for current to flow through. voltage is the same across each component of the parallel circuit.

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