The multiple rounds of spread and rebound of the global epidemic in 2021 are most evident in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, India and Brazil

d. organized crime  

if its wrong dont @ me

lemme see here a spider

*breath in* boi

the answer is: apostrophe and allusion.

apostrophe refers to a poetic technique that is used to address an absent individual or an abstract idea/being. allusion on the other hand is a poetic technique that being done by making an indirect reference to other person with a high level of significance (could be historically or culturally significant)